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Harald III Hen ( – April 17, 1080) was King of Denmark from 1074 to 1080. Harald III was an illegitimate son of Danish king Sweyn II Estridsson, and contested the crown with some of his brothers. He was a peaceful ruler who initiated a number of reforms. Harald was married to his cousin Margareta Hasbjörnsdatter, but did not leave any heirs, and was succeeded by his brother Canute IV the Saint. Four of his half-brothers were in turn crowned Danish kings. ==Biography== Harald was born around 1040.〔Stefan Pajung, (Harald Hén ca. 1040–1080 ), danmarkshistorien.dk, Aarhus University, January 22, 2010〕 Son of King Sweyn II, Harald took part in Sweyn's 1069 raid of England alongside his uncle Jarl Asbjørn and his brother Canute.〔Bricka, Carl Frederik, ''Dansk Biografisk Lexikon'', vol. VII (Hansen – Holmsted ), 1893, (p.74 ).〕 After the death of his father, Harald was elected king in competition with his younger brother, Canute, at the Zealand Assembly ((デンマーク語:Landsting)) at Isøre near Odsherred.〔(Harald 3. Hen ) at Gyldendals Åbne Encyklopædi〕 Accounts of the year include both 1074〔 and 1076. In order to get elected, he took the vows called ''Harald's laws'', declaring his will to uphold the existing rule of law.〔 During his rule, Harald met opposition from a number of his brothers,〔 likely including Canute,〔 who enlisted the support of Olaf III of Norway. Pope Gregory VII mediated, advising Olaf not to take sides, and for Harald to share power with his brothers.〔 Harald was dependent on the great nobles of Denmark for his election, and did little to oppose them. As a result, he fought no major wars and spent his energy improving the few things that lay in his purview. He is best known for improving and standardizing Danish coinage,〔 and established mints at Ribe, Viborg, Lund, and Schleswig. He instituted public use of the Royal forests.〔 Harald also sought to change Danish legal customs. Harald deplored the ancient customs of trial by combat and the ''jernbyrd'' trial by ordeal of holding red-hot iron bars, and introduced a system used by the English of calling upon honorable men to swear oaths on behalf of the parties in a trial.〔 He allegedly continued Sweyn's politic of seeking a Danish Archbishopric with the Pope, but was not successful.〔 Harald died on April 17, 1080, and was interred at Dalby Church in Scania.〔 He was succeeded as king by his brother, Canute IV. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Harald III of Denmark」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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